The chosen diagnosis, diabetes mellitus (DM), serves as the foundation for the subsequent discussion. Diabetes is a chronic metabolic condition characterized by high blood sugar levels caused by a lack of insulin secretion, action, or both. Type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes are the most common types of diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is caused by a lack of insulin secretion, which usually occurs due to autoimmune destruction of the beta cells of the islet of Langerhans. Contrarily, while it can also result from insulin deficiency, the vast majority of type 2 DM cases are caused by insulin resistance in the peripheral cells (American Diabetes Association, ADA, 2020).
Diabetes epidemiology, in terms of morbidity, mortality, and treatment costs, reveals the disease’s gravity and the need for evidence-based practice to solve it. According to Sapra and Bhandari (2022), one in every eleven people worldwide has diabetes, with the vast majority (90%) having type 2 diabetes. While type 1 diabetes affects children, adolescents, and young adults, type 2 diabetes primarily affects adults. To account for the predisposition of type 1 diabetes in childhood, Sapra and Bhandari (2022) state that 45% of children with type 1 diabetes present before age ten.
The incidence of type 1 diabetes has been increasing by 2-5 percent per year in Europe, Australia, and the Middle East, and by about 2% per year in most age and ethnic groups in the United States (Sapra & Bhandari, 2022). Type 2 diabetes is estimated to affect approximately 9% of the US population, with a higher prevalence of 25% among those aged 65 and older (Sapra & Bhandari, 2022). Despite the troubling statistics, it is expected that the prevalence of diabetes will rise, with higher-income individuals being disproportionately affected.
According to the World Health Organization, diabetes is the ninth leading cause of death worldwide. Diabetes accounted for 1.37 million deaths from 1990 to 2025, according to a review by Lin et al. (2020), with the number expected to rise to 1.59 million by 2025. Furthermore, on March 22, 2018, the ADA (2018) published new research stating that the total cost of diagnosed diabetes increased to $327 billion in 2017, up from $245 billion in 2012. According to this discovery, diabetes imposes a significant economic burden on society.
In addition to the complications that diabetes causes, both acute and long-term, it is only logical that an evidence-based approach is developed to reduce its burden. The good news is that most DM risk factors are avoidable and can be significantly reduced when preventive measures are implemented using evidence-based strategies. Besides being useful tools for comparing and contrasting health events and populations, analyzing diabetes morbidity, mortality, and cost trends can help determine the most appropriate health interventions for a specific population.
Criteria for Determining Credibility of Resources
It is critical to follow a specific criterion when determining the credibility of a resource. The criterion includes evaluating the resources’ currency, relevance, authority, accuracy, and purpose (CRAAP) (Columbia College, 2022). Currency refers to the resource’s timeliness, and a journal article or website published within the last five years is often recommended first.
The importance of a resource for the researcher’s needs is referred to as its relevance, and the most helpful question to ask is whether the information relates to the topic or answers the researcher’s question (Columbia College, 2022). Concerning the authority, who is the resource’s author, what are their credentials, and with which organization is the author affiliated? In terms of medical and nursing knowledge, the author should, at the very least, be an expert in a field related to nursing or medicine.
Regarding accuracy, the questions to ask are where the informati
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