Discussion Week 2
On the cellar level the ligand gated ion channel an agonist can bind to a receptor and cause the same phycological response as a natural ligand. An antagonist binds to the receptor and do not cause a phycological response but block that receptor preventing the natural ligand from going into that receptor. For example, most antipsychotic drugs act as dopamine receptor antagonist. Blocking reuptake of dopamine (Howland, 2016). Some antipsychotic drugs also act as inverse agonist at the serotonin receptor causing an opposite effect. An inverse agonist produces a opposite effect of the agonist.
In regard to the efficacy of a drug treatments, the NP has to provide a very good patient assessment to provide the patient with an accurate diagnosis. The NP having knowledge, can correctly prescribe the drug (agonist, antagonist or reverse agonist) that will act on the on the targeted neurotransmitter to produce the desired effect in the patient.
Ion gated channels pull and bond to the agonist changing the protein. G coupled proteins are proteins used by the cell to convert intracellular signals into responses (Zhao, Deng, Jiang, Oing, 2016).
Epigenetics is modifications in gene expression that is controlled by various fundamental epigenetic mechanisms leading to various physical and psychiatric diseases. As a result, traditional treatment may often prove ineffective with these patients because these mechanisms regulate cellular and gene expression, just to name a few (Rasool, et al., 2015).
As practitioner, my patient assessment may also include an education and discussion concerning pharmacogenomics. Particularly, if the patient comes to me after having been on various medication treatments that were unsuccessfully. Knowledge of a medications action is important for example; treating a patient with Bipolar I that is exhibiting depression symptoms but also reported that he maxed out his credit card last week on video games. With the knowledge that an antidepressant should not be given because the action of the antidepressant would cause the patient to go into mania. NURS 6630 week 2 Discussion: Foundational Neuroscience
References
Berg, K., A., Clarke, W., P. (2018). Making Sense of Pharmacology: Inverse Agonism and
Functional Selectivity, International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology, Volume 21, Issue 10, October 2018, Pages 962–977, https://doi.org/10.1093/ijnp/pyy071
Howland, R. H. (2016). Pimavanserin: An inverse agonist antipsychotic drug. Journal of
Psychosocial Nursing & Mental Health Services, 54(6), 21-24. doi:http://dx.doi.org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/10.3928/02793695-20160523-01
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