Answer 3 for DNP 810 What is the impact of chronic disease on both increased health care expenditures and wasted resources? 

Answer 3 for DNP 810 What is the impact of chronic disease on both increased health care expenditures and wasted resources? 

Increasing population in aging and increased life expectancy are causing high health expenditures and increase importance of the healthcare system. Efficient spending on healthcare is required to reduce unnecessary utilizations and focused on treatment and management of acute disease. According to World Health Organization (WHO), premature mortality from non-communicable diseases, also known as chronic diseases, accounted for 52% of global deaths under the age of 70 years in 2012. Chronic disease is usually defined as a disease that lasts for more than a year and requires ongoing or continuous management. WHO reported that chronic diseases are classified into four major categories: cardiovascular disease, cancer, chronic respiratory disease, and diabetes. Chronic diseases are caused by a number of complex factors, such as genetic, physiological, environmental, and behavioral factors. Continuity of care for chronic diseases, which indicates regularity of visiting a primary care doctor, may increase healthcare expenditure in the short-term by increasing direct medical costs with spending more on prescription drugs. Chronic diseases increases, patients should have a regular site to improve their health status through steady follow-up for reducing total healthcare expenditures and to decrease inefficient healthcare utilizations.

There are many possible causes of human disease, family history is often one of the strongest risk factors for common disease complexes such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, autoimmune disorders, and psychiatric illnesses. A person inherits a complete set of genes from each parent, as well as a vast array of cultural and socioeconomic experiences from his/her family. Technological advances in high-throughput genotyping have allowed the direct examination of specific genetic differences among sizable numbers of people. Genetic association techniques are often the most efficient approach for assessing how specific genetic variation can affect disease risk.

Genetic variation impacts all cellular, biochemical, physiological, and morphological aspects of a human being and genes whose variability controls how much or how little a person is likely to be responsive to the environmental risk factors that are associated with disease risk.

Nurses, the most trusted health professionals and, make unique contributions to the field of human genetics and genomics and complement the work of other health care providers to improve the health of the public. Health care benefits greatly from the unprecedented and ongoing work elucidating the genetic/genomic basis of health, illness, disease risk, and treatment response. nursing profession is a pivotal provider of quality health care services and is essential to closing the gap between research discoveries that are efficacious to health care and their successful adoption to optimize health.

References:

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Chronic Disease Overview, 2017. URL: https://www.cdc.gov/chronicdisesase/overview/.

Global Status Report on Noncommunicable Diseases 2014: Attaining the Nine Global Noncommunicable Diseases Targets: A Shared Responsibility. [(accessed on 21 August 2018)]; Available online: http://www.who.int/nmh/publications/ncd-status-report-2014/en