IEEE Format Reference Page with Examples

Reference sorting in the IEEE citation list should be listed numerically (using numbers) and not alphabetically like in APA or MLA formats. IEEE referencing format example Before we proceed with Reference examples, let us remind you of these obligatory page layout rules:
  • Bracketed numbers have to be placed before the start of each entry.
  • One should either center sources or align them left.
  • Apply hanging indent for each entry with the help of bracketed numbers with left side flushing.
  • The author’s name should be listed as First Initial and Last Name. For example, Einar Jonas Halldorsson should be cited as O. Jonas Halldorsson and not as Jonas Einar, Halldorsson.
  • Articles have to be put in quotation marks.
  • Journal or book has to be in italics.
Let us review the IEEE Reference examples. Notice that square brackets have specific numbers that will have according to numbers until the end of our guide.
For sources that are in print, follow this example from IEEE citation maker:
[Number] A. Last Name and B. Last Name, Title. City, State: Publisher, Year.
[1] B. Hansen and R. Chang, Network Engineering Introduction. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016.

No author

For such case, title or entry name are used in italics.
[Number] Title. City, State: Publisher, Year.
[2] Compuserve. Seattle, WA: National Internet Archive, 1996.

Chapter in book

Remember to italicize book:
[Number] A. Last Name, “Title,” in Book, First Name Initial. Last name, Ed. City: Publisher, Year, pp. 1-2.
[3] R. Sothberry, “Bridge Patterns in Motherboard,” in Computer Generation, J. S. Birch, Ed. New York: Wiley, 2007, pp.159-273.

E-Book citing

[4] First name / Last Name, First name / Last Name, and First Name Last Name, E-Book title, 2nd ed. City, State: Publisher, Year. [source type] Available: source.
[4] K. Cameron, P. Hughes, and R. Kasner, Navy Engineer Guidebook, 2nd ed. Reading, MA: Naval Science, 2001. [E-book] Available: Apple Store e-book.

Article citing

[Number] First Name / Initials / Last Name, “Title,” Abbr. Title of Journal, vol. Edition, pp., Abbr. Month. Year.
[5] A. C. Dunlop, “Microfiber underwater – Part 2: Salt Analysis,” Martin Lockheed Corp. J., vol. ED-17, pp. 11-27, Jan. 2012.

Citing Journal article with DOI

[Number] First Name / Last Name, “Title,” Journal abbreviated, vol., issue, pp., Abbr. month. Year. DOI: xx.xxx/0000000
[6] S. N. Stransky, “Brain Sensorics,” Med. Scientific Eng., vol. 36, no. 13, pp. 19-31, Jan. 2020, doi:10.000/00000000
When IEEE citing from journals, always use special abbreviations. If unsure, contact one of our expert writers for consulting. Journals should have italics and all words capitalized, except for connecting words. The first word and subtitle should be capitalized as well, placed in quotation marks. When looking for abbreviations, use similar sources online to check the correct format. You may use our IEEE citation generator to lighten your back.

Journal article without DOI

[Number] First Last Name and First Name Initials Last Name, “Title,” Journal abbreviation., Vol, pp. 00-10, Month. Year.
[7] R. W. Kuhlenbeck and V. Kanrev, “Thermal Analysis in Simulation R4: Sensors processing,” NASA Thermal Eng., vol. 63, pp. 23-41, Nov. 2000.

Website citation

[Number] First Name Initial(s) Last Name. “Page Title.” Website Title. Web Address (accessed Month Day Year).
[8] D. Wilson. “Aeronautics Management and Psyche: Templates.” Nevada Center Engineering Institute. http://www.site.org (accessed Feb. 14, 2018).

Social media

For most social media websites, remember to mention description or form, like an image for Instagram. See below:
[10] A. A. Author (year, month day). Post [Description of form]. Available: Internet address. [Accessed: Month day, year]
[10] C. S. Lewis (2005, June 14). Programming Radio Field Signals [Facebook post]. Available: https://www.facebook.com. [Accessed: July 25, 2007]

Conference paper citation

[Number] Author, “Title of paper,” in Abbreviated Name of Conf., location of conference (optional), Month and day(s) if provided, year, pp. xxx-xxx.
[11] L. Moody and D. Carsten, “Advanced Software Apps,” in Rec. 12th Int. Conf. Modern Applications Eng., Los Angeles, CA, USA, May 4-11, 2012, pp.13-18.

IEEE Newspaper article (from database)

[Number] Author, “Title,” Title of Newspaper, no. x, pages, Abbrev. Month, year. Accessed: Month, Day, Year. [Online]. Available: URL.
[13] B. Staples, “Navigation Rules,” The US Marine J., 6, p. 39, Nov. 2014. Accessed: September 12, 2015 .[Online]. Available: http://xyz.com.

Technical report

[Number] Author, “Title,” Abbrev. Name of Company/Organization, City, State, Country, Report №, year.
[14] M. E. Dallton and J. A. Cornwell, “Photons Particles Movements,” Elect. Eng. Res. Lab., Univ. Miami, FL, Tech. Rep. ENGL-099-31-4, Nov. 13, 1997.

Patent citation

[Number] First Last Name, “Title,” Country Patent, Month, Day, Year.
[15] C. N. Norwich, “Electrical Currents in Optic Lines ,” U.S. Patent 7 321 105, July 5, 2018.

Engineering Standard IEEE Citation

[16] ABC Criteria for XYZ Company Systems, IEEE Standard 504, 2001.

Thesis/Dissertation

[17] First Last Name, “Title,” Dissertation Type and Degree, Abbreviated Department or Field, University Abbreviated, City, State, Country, Year.
[17] M. E. Sandberg, “Sub-oscillation Frequencies and Synthesis,” Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Elect. Eng., Berkeley Univ., Los Angeles, CA, 2009.

Video citing / Youtube in IEEE

Follow this template when citing video or film in IEEE style:
[Number] Video Creator. Title of Video. (Publication date). Accessed: Month Day, Year. [Online Video]. Available: URL
[18] Learning App. Education Mobile Apps Popular in 2004. (2004, May 7). Accessed: Jun. 12, 2009. [Online Video]. Available: http://www.youtube.com/watch

Online forum or newsgroups citations

Generally, when one has to cite from an online forum or any other online source, make sure to provide information that can identify an entry. Follow an example from IEEE generator or get template:
[Number] Z. X. Author (year, month day). Post [Description of form]. Available: Internet address. [Accessed: Month day, year]
[20] K. Nordhua (2017, Jun. 12). Cybernetic Intelligence Online [Blog]. Available: http://www.site.com. [Accessed: Jul. 2, 2018]
According to the manual, there are no exact rules for Internet resources, therefore, each source can follow an example above. You can always use an IEEE citation generator for help. Contact one of our experts 24/7 online to check twice.